Your common workout issues consist of joint pain. Muscular soreness is something that comes from breaking your muscles down and making them stronger, denser, and bigger with any kind of exercise. But joint pain is something you really have to watch out for because if not handled with care, it can lead to permanent damage.
To begin with, shoulder pain is really something you need to pay attention to. Your shoulders are generally a fragile joint. Nowhere near capable of amounts of shock resistance that your hips and knees are capable of. Obviously because you stand on your feet all of the time, but how many times a day do your stand on your hands unless you're a hand balancer or a a break dancer? Even then.
Dealing with shoulder pain is simple, as of having past minor afflictions with my shoulder joints just from general working out too much or getting used to a new movement, I talked to my doctor and the best medicine for your shoulder pain, is time. Your body miraculously rebuilds itself, and repairs itself if something is wrong.
To begin with, you're already experiencing pain, so that's a sign that your body knows something it wrong, because by pain, that triggers weakness, which will also keep your muscles from overworking themselves and making you heal.
It's seriously stupid to train with shoulder pain, you can destroy your body that way. Now if you realize you have a lot of pain in your shoulder or shoulders, it's advised you talk to your doctor. But if it's just some simple you can get over it pain, my personal waiting time is two weeks, but yours may be a little more. So I'll repeat it again, time is a very good medicine when it comes to joint and muscular discomfort.
Also, if your shoulder pain is repetitive, you might want to work on your form. Something is wrong, and your form is bad. This is mainly an issue in weightlifting because it's far easier to do something very wrong in weight lifting than it is in calisthenics. I speak from both experiences as of having the issue of doing too many handstand push ups and making the transition into new weight over the course of two days and having to take a two week break because it pushed my upper back out of place.
Also, if your shoulder pain spreads to your back, you need to see a doctor. That's just a given.
Let's move on to elbow pain.
Surprisingly, this is common. I've never had it because I've made sure my form is good and my elbows have become ridiculously tough from training for certain movements such as the handstand flip and so forth, but for a lot of people who just lift weights, are going through the process of their skeletal structure becoming denser, or just plain bad elbow genetics, I've got some good tips on that.
For gym rats, your presses are probably the cause, and it's probably bad form. From what I understand, perfect your form, and learn how to engage the right muscles in your presses. For say, elbow pain in the bench press, you would need to get the right arch in your back, not too much, and not too little. If your chest is barely at an angle, not a ton like those cross fitters and power lifters, (they do their own thing, but here we talk about good and safe form) just right, okay? Because what you want to do, is avoid pain, but workout your muscles just right and break them down. So form perfection on the bench press is fully essential, and try out different positions with a light weight to see which your elbows most prefer, and it comes from when you go really heavy, just stick to doing what you're body doesn't mind and build up that strength. There are people out there just like you who can't max out because their elbows can't handle it.
The overhead press is also common. Check your form, go a bit lighter, learn how to hold your elbows right, and proceed. For barbell overhead presses, if you put your elbows out to the side with heavy weight, it hurts anybody. Stick your elbows out mostly forward, it's okay if they stick a bit to the side because that's the way they were designed, but mostly facing forward would be what you want. For the dumbbell overhead press, go a bit lighter, straighten your body, and do them entirely parallel with your body. It's a different kind of lift and one that requires balance, so if you don't balance the weight right, your elbows will hurt. that goes for your shoulders too.
The repetitive shoulder pain for gym rats is important to pay attention to as well because you're obviously training wrong somewhere.
Because your shoulder connect your arms to your body, there are a lot of things that can be done wrong. If you're doing barbell calf raises, and you bounce, and you have shoulder pain, you're probably yanking on your shoulder ligaments which you really don't want to do.
Your back work outs are important as well, if you do a row too heavy, a little wrong, it's going to make your shoulder hurt. Perfect your form on rows, to find out if you're doing those wrong, just watch yourself in a mirror, or take a video of yourself working out.
Your presses can very easily connect to shoulder pain, in fact, those are the other half of the cause. Without engaging the proper muscles, you can cause some serious shoulder problems, put too much strain on the joints, and certain heads of your deltoids, it goes on and on. So watch for your form and keep an eye on it just to make sure your not doing anything wrong.
If it's from overworking yourself, take a break, your body needs to heal.